Discussion

Even bad code can function. But if code isn't clean, it can bring a development organization to its knees. Every year, countless hours and significant resources are lost because of poorly written code. But it doesn't have to be that way. Noted software expert Robert C. Martin presents a revolutionary paradigm with Clean Code: A Handbook of Agile Software Craftsmanship . Martin has teamed up with his colleagues from Object Mentor to distill their best agile practice of cleaning code on the fly into a book that will instill within you the values of a software craftsman and make you a better programmer but only if you work at it. What kind of work will you be doing? You'll be reading code - lots of code. And you will be challenged to think about what's right about that code, and what's wrong with it. More importantly, you will be challenged to reassess your professional values and your commitment to your craft. Clean Code is divided into three parts. The first describes the principles, patterns, and practices of writing clean code. The second part consists of several case studies of increasing complexity. Each case study is an exercise in cleaning up code - of transforming a code base that has some problems into one that is sound and efficient. The third part is the payoff: a single chapter containing a list of heuristics and "smells" gathered while creating the case studies. The result is a knowledge base that describes the way we think when we write, read, and clean code. Readers will come away from this book understanding

‣ How to tell the difference between good and bad code ‣ How to write good code and how to transform bad code into good code ‣ How to create good names, good functions, good objects, and good classes ‣ How to format code for maximum readability ‣ How to implement complete error handling without obscuring code logic ‣ How to unit test and practice test-driven development

This book is a must for any developer, software engineer, project manager, team lead, or systems analyst with an interest in producing better code.

Auf die zunehmende Bedrohung von rechts werden immer drängender Antworten gesucht. Eine davon lautet in jüngster Zeit: »Antifaschistische Wirtschaftspolitik«. Gezielte Umverteilung von oben nach unten und eine planvolle Investitionspolitik seitens des Staates soll die neoliberale Politik der letzten Jahrzehnte endlich ablösen. Vorrangiges Ziel: die Stärkung sozialer Sicherheit.

Auslöser dieser Forderung ist die Beobachtung, dass Menschen tendenziell eher rechts wählen, wenn aufgrund von wirtschaftlichen Krisen, Inflation und der Kürzung von Sozialausgaben Abstiegsängste und Unsicherheit zunehmen. In diesem Kontext stellen sich einige Fragen: Warum wählen die Menschen dann rechts und nicht links? Welche grundlegenden Fragen werden dabei gar nicht erst angesprochen? Welche Strukturen des Kapitalismus können Aufschluss darüber geben, welche Weltanschauungen im Alltagsbewusstsein anschlussfähiger sind?

Vor diesem Hintergrund diskutiert Sabine Nuss die Möglichkeiten, aber auch die Grenzen einer »antifaschistischen Wirtschaftspolitik« exemplarisch anhand von vier Maßnahmen – mit Andrej Holm (Mietendeckel), Stephan Kaufmann (Inflation), Antonella Muzzupappa (Investitionen) und Ingo Stützle (Vermögenssteuer).

When AI expert and investigative journalist Karen Hao first began covering OpenAI in 2019, she thought they were the good guys. Founded as a nonprofit with safety enshrined as its core mission, the organization was meant, its leader Sam Altman told us, to act as a check against more purely mercantile, and potentially dangerous, forces. What could go wrong?

Over time, Hao began to wrestle ever more deeply with that question. Increasingly, she realized that the core truth of this massively disruptive sector is that its vision of success requires an almost unprecedented amount of resources: the “compute” power of high-end chips and the processing capacity to create massive large language models, the sheer volume of data that needs to be amassed at scale, the humans “cleaning up” that data for sweatshop wages throughout the Global South, and a truly alarming spike in the usage of energy and water underlying it all. The truth is that we have entered a new and ominous age of empire: only a small handful of globally scaled companies can even enter the field of play. At the head of the pack with its ChatGPT breakthrough, how would OpenAI resist such temptations?

Spoiler alert: it didn’t. Armed with Microsoft’s billions, OpenAI is setting a breakneck pace, chased by a small group of the most valuable companies in human history—toward what end, not even they can define. All this time, Hao has maintained her deep sourcing within the company and the industry, and so she was in intimate contact with the story that shocked the entire tech industry—Altman’s sudden firing and triumphant return. The behind-the-scenes story of what happened, told here in full for the first time, is revelatory of who the people controlling this technology really are. But this isn’t just the story of a single company, however fascinating it is. The g forces pressing down on the people of OpenAI are deforming the judgment of everyone else too—as such forces do. Naked power finds the ideology to cloak itself; no one thinks they’re the bad guy. But in the meantime, as Hao shows through intrepid reporting on the ground around the world, the enormous wheels of extraction grind on. By drawing on the viewpoints of Silicon Valley engineers, Kenyan data laborers, and Chilean water activists, Hao presents the fullest picture of AI and its impact we’ve seen to date, alongside a trenchant analysis of where things are headed. An astonishing eyewitness view from both up in the command capsule of the new economy and down where the real suffering happens, Empire of AI pierces the veil of the industry defining our era.

Even bad code can function. But if code isn't clean, it can bring a development organization to its knees. Every year, countless hours and significant resources are lost because of poorly written code. But it doesn't have to be that way. Noted software expert Robert C. Martin presents a revolutionary paradigm with Clean Code: A Handbook of Agile Software Craftsmanship . Martin has teamed up with his colleagues from Object Mentor to distill their best agile practice of cleaning code on the fly into a book that will instill within you the values of a software craftsman and make you a better programmer but only if you work at it. What kind of work will you be doing? You'll be reading code - lots of code. And you will be challenged to think about what's right about that code, and what's wrong with it. More importantly, you will be challenged to reassess your professional values and your commitment to your craft. Clean Code is divided into three parts. The first describes the principles, patterns, and practices of writing clean code. The second part consists of several case studies of increasing complexity. Each case study is an exercise in cleaning up code - of transforming a code base that has some problems into one that is sound and efficient. The third part is the payoff: a single chapter containing a list of heuristics and "smells" gathered while creating the case studies. The result is a knowledge base that describes the way we think when we write, read, and clean code. Readers will come away from this book understanding

‣ How to tell the difference between good and bad code ‣ How to write good code and how to transform bad code into good code ‣ How to create good names, good functions, good objects, and good classes ‣ How to format code for maximum readability ‣ How to implement complete error handling without obscuring code logic ‣ How to unit test and practice test-driven development

This book is a must for any developer, software engineer, project manager, team lead, or systems analyst with an interest in producing better code.

«Mi succede una cosa strana, disse Sofia. È che mi sento sempre così buona quando c'è tempesta.»

L'estate, l'ultima isola abitata prima del mare aperto nell'arcipelago finlandese, un paesaggio selvaggio e incontaminato, la casa lontana dalla civiltà, una nonna e una nipotina e, silenzioso nume tutelare, il padre. Una vita quotidiana che segue i ritmi svagati delle vacanze e quelli capricciosi del tempo: qualche visita occasionale, tempeste, avventure, divieti trasgrediti, furtive spedizioni a isole altrui, navigazioni notturne. Su uno sfondo che dell'idillio non ha il sentimentalismo, ma ne ha certamente il fascino, un libro dall'apparenza semplice che riesce a parlare senza enfasi, ma anche senza ingenuità, senza eufemismi ma con tocco ironico e leggero, della complessità del vivere, delle luci e delle ombre dell'animo umano, della crudele imparzialità della natura. «Senza un'infanzia felice non avrei mai incominciato a scrivere», dice Tove Jansson. Ed è proprio quella felicità che emana dai suoi scritti: l'espressione di quel raro equilibrio fra sicurezza e rischio, sfida e ritorno, ribellione e rifugio, paura del nuovo e desiderio di provare, timore e sete di conoscere, bisogno di solitudine e necessità di affetti. È la felicità di camminare su un filo teso, sapendo che vi è comunque una rete di protezione, del sentire con intensità, del prendere la vita sul serio, ma accettandola così com'è. Da qui l'affinità e l'intesa fra Sofia, la bambina che inizia ad affrontare la vita, e la nonna, che l'ha vissuta a fondo, l'ha amata con la saggezza di non pretendere di capirla e sa che fra poco dovrà lasciarla. Il loro dialogo, che spazia su ogni cosa che sta fra il crescere e il morire, è come una musica che resta a lungo nell'orecchio, come una sonatina.