In 2022, the largest producers and consumers of GHG emissions were China, the United States, India, the European Union (EU27), Southeast Asia (ASEAN), Russia, Brazil and Japan. Since 1995, production and demand based emissions have declined in Japan and the European Union, but increased substantially in China, India and Southeast Asia. In the United States, production based emissions fell, while demand based emissions rose by about 7%. China recorded the highest absolute emissions under both production and demand based approaches, with emissions tripling between 1995 and 2022.