“A landmark within-patient study in Sweden found that ADHD medication was associated with a 41% reduction in criminal convictions in women and a 32% reduction in men. In the US, MarketScan insurance data demonstrated that adolescents and adults had a 31% lower risk of substance-related emergency events in women and a 35% lower risk in men during months on ADHD medication. Similarly, Chang and colleagues reported a 42% lower rate of motor vehicle crashes in women and a 38% lower rate in men in medicated months. This real-world benefit extends even further. A meta-analysis by Boland et al demonstrated protective effects similar to those found by Li and colleagues, showing 25% to 35% within-group improvement during the active treatment period and nearly 50% improvement between treated and never-treated groups across mood disorders, substance use disorders, accidents, crime, injuries, and educational outcomes.”
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/2835663