@yogthos There's degrees of proximity of the harm. Tire and brake dust are the most location based. Move just a few streets over and the impact to health is minimized. Poorly efficient ICE cars will produce smog that covers a city, and the most efficient ICE cars will still produce emissions that warm the planet.
With that said, China does far, FAR better than our country at public transit, and even better still than the US does public transit. It's a country that grew and industrialized so rapidly. How do you accommodate that without grasping at every transportation option at your disposal, even less ideal ones like cars? Rhetorical question, China did what they could/had to do.