IMHO a great primer about all of this and why it is the way it is can be found in the book Nudge, by R Thaler & C Sunstein.
Interestingly the authors of the book discuss the concept of how advocates can use the sociological principles of "nudging" people in a direction that benefits themselves and society as a whole.
The reality is that the lessons learned and exemplified in it are used far more often to push people into the types of directions and decisions you touch on here.