Critical discourse on large language models (LLMs) has bifurcated between epistemic
dismissal that invokes some form of the stochastic parrot metaphor to puncture hype,
and pragmatic accommodation that treats LLM capability improvements as grounds for
updating the critique. We argue that both misdiagnose the problem as the issue is
not whether or not LLMs work, but what kind of working is happening and at whose cost.
Drawing on meta-theoretical frameworks of cognitive science, feminist labor analysis
and critical pedagogy, we propose a conceptual reorientation. We develop this claim
through registers of (i) the cognitive, examining what is forfeited when statistical pattern-
matching substitutes for the iterative, grounded processes that constitute thinking; (ii)
the pedagogical, examining how “Al literacy” as currently deployed is itself a symptom
of the confusion it purports to address; and (iii) the political, examining how the
infrastructure framing of Al naturalizes asymmetric labor displacement, particularly of
feminized cognitive and reproductive work. The stochastic parrot, deployed with
mechanistic precision rather than mere rhetorical convenience, specifies what is
forfeited when cognitive labor is delegated, who bears the cost, and why a literacy
adequate to this moment must begin from the epistemology of those most harmed by
the systems it describes. We conclude with underlining that critical Al literacy, which this
paper embodies an instance of, is the only sensible way forward.