Passage from Magic in the Middle Ages, 2nd edition, by Richard Kieckhefer: Necromancy in the clerical underworld The uses of necromancy were legion. One conjuration in the Munich handbook, for example, is intended to summon a demon who will impart unsurpassed mastery of all the arts and sciences without any effort on the part of the necromancer. Evidently the author was an ambitious but not particularly diligent scholar. In general, however, the aims of this magic