"...Ren believes GPT-4 is 25.7 times as large as the Llama model he looked at, and therefore uses 26 times as much energy to do the same thing. 5.1 Wh to write an email times 26 is 133 Wh, pretty close to the 137 Wh for driving the Tesla, and the 140 Wh the Washington Post used. I’m pretty sure this is how he got his estimate for how much energy a GPT-4 prompt used."
https://blog.andymasley.com/p/i-might-have-found-the-specific-way
