Hottake
Google's latest push with Recaptcha to require you to scan a QR code with a smartphone is just another push towards "you need a modern smart phone that is run by the duopoly to participate in society".
Passkeys evoke a similar concern / anxiety, but they're not the same - there are several escape hatches.... but if you own no computing devices at all and rely on borrowing one from the library, for example, you're going to have a hard(er) time.