I just was on a panel for DarkSky International's Under One Sky conference. The panel was about novel and emerging sources of light pollution, I was there to yell a lot about Reflect Orbital.
One of the other panelists was Jolyon Troscianko, who studies animal vision at night (how totally cool!) and he was talking about headlights as a source of very bright, pulsed light pollution. Moths lose their night vision for at least an hour after a headlight sweeps past, possibly all night.