Breakups, taxes and fines are all forms of *redistribution*, which seek to address the harms of monopoly *after* the monopoly has been formed. The failure to make privacy protections as inviolable as financial protections is a missed opportunity for *predistribution*. Bans on data collection, mining, and sale would have prevented these monopolies from forming in the first place. Predistribution is *far* more effective than *redistribution*:

https://jacobin.com/2025/10/predistribution-welfare-state-inequality-class

24/