“Nostalgic for the colonial era and concerned by the loss of influence in Sahel”, France is intent on destabilizing the AES by providing intelligence, “logistical support, arms and ammunition” to the terrorist groups, Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger allege.
https://peoplesdispatch.org/2025/10/06/france-is-a-state-sponsor-of-terror-aes-countries-declare/