"[Ivan] Illich was not invoking these old meanings but pointing to something radically new – a system so total and comprehensive that there could be no ground or standpoint outside it. The very idea of a tool or an instrumental means, he argued, depended on a distinction between that tool and its user. A system in the contemporary sense incorporates its user – he/she becomes part of the system. One uses a hammer but joins a network."
#DavidCayley, 2021
https://www.davidcayley.com/blog/2021/4/1/gaia-and-the-path-of-the-earth