Across parts of Venezuela, Indigenous communities have been drawn into gold mining as their traditional way of life has been disturbed and they lack other economic opportunities.
Armed groups and a push for extractives have turned the Imataca Forest Reserve in the state of Bolivar into a mining hotspot, sources tell Mongabay, boosting deforestation and river pollution and destroying the livelihoods of Indigenous Pemón families.
by Catherine Ellis
https://news.mongabay.com/2025/11/the-price-of-gold-in-venezuela-mining-threatens-indigenous-pemon/