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A generation ago, the so-called Washington Consensus laid out a series of dos and don’ts for policymakers around the world. Today, that vision is recognised as having fallen short in a number of ways – particularly in its neglect of the social and institutional factors that are indispensable for achieving sustained growth and for building fairer and more cohesive societies.
The immense challenges humanity faces are easy to list: climate change, pandemics, social inequalities, the far-reaching effects of the tech revolution and AI, a fragmenting world economy, and a wave of populism and political polarisation that has undermined support for liberal democracy in many countries. It is much harder to identify a set of new ideas – and policies – that will solve these seemingly intractable global problems.
In this new world, political leaders and policymakers need guidance and principles that can assist when choosing among policy alternatives. To this end, the editors of this volume convened over 50 of the world’s leading economists and policy experts at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). The London Consensus: Economic Principles for the 21st Century is the result of these exchanges. It is not intended as a one-size-fits-all set of economic remedies, but an exercise in assembling the best available evidence and ideas to foster dialogue, and ultimately to develop a set of principles that can address the urgent political, social and economic tasks ahead.
For more on the London Consensus project, see: https://www.lse.ac.uk/school-of-public-policy/Research/London-Consensus
Click here to read praise for The London Consensus
"The London Consensus is a landmark effort to rethink economic policy for our times. In it, the world’s most thoughtful economists grapple with such pressing challenges as growth, inequality, climate change, and the future of work. What emerges is clear, pragmatic and deeply relevant. It’s the roadmap we need to build more inclusive and resilient economies. I highly recommend it."
— Janet L. Yellen Former U.S. Treasury Secretary and Former Chair, United States Federal Reserve
"History didn’t end, this book is about what we can do next."
— James A. Robinson, University Professor, Harris School of Public Policy and Department of Political Science, University of Chicago. Recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences
“A rich tapestry of policy ideas from leading economists who argue that one cannot naively aim for economic efficiency without simultaneously addressing allocative fairness and political stability, even if that would be much simpler.”
— Kenneth Rogoff, Maurits C. Boas Chair Professor of International Economics, Harvard University. Former Chief Economist, International Monetary Fund.
“Global problems abound as do mavericks offering implausible remedies. Yet progress in integrating the economic, social, and political sciences offers a more credible basis for hope. In convening and collating the work of these world-renowned scholars into a coherent whole, The London Consensus is a landmark publication.”
— Paul Collier, Professor of Economics and Public Policy, Blavatnik School of Government, Oxford University.
"Policymakers around the globe are navigating an exceptionally difficult environment. Geopolitics involve escalating wars and a fragmentation of global trade that is a major departure from the post-World War II status quo. The potential benefits from new technologies are yet unclear and unevenly distributed across and within countries. Uncertainty has become a centrepiece of the “new normal.” The collection of essays in this volume could not be timelier. The volume offers practical and insightful analysis on policy choices and is a must read for those that aspire to tackle some of today’s challenges at the national or global level."
— Carmen M. Reinhart, Minos A. Zombanakis Professor of the International Financial System, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. Former Chief Economist, World Bank
“The turbulent interwar period yielded a geoeconomic architecture that proved adaptable and largely successful over a period of more than sixty years. Like it or not, that system is fracturing in the face of rapid technology change, social dislocation, new collective action threats, and repeated global shocks. The wealth of insights in this book may amount to less than a consensus, but it offers an essential road map for the kinds of solutions we will need to manage our current crisis.”
— Maurice Obstfeld, Senior Fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics and Professor of Economics Emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley. Former Chief Economist, International Monetary Fund
" While wisely refraining from calling the Washington Consensus of 1990 “neoliberal economics,” this impressive and stimulating book proposes fundamental revisions required 25 years later. It features a powerhouse line-up of authors well-suited to thoughtful consideration of some lessons that are missing from textbook economics.”
— Jeffrey Frankel, James W. Harpel Professor of Capital Formation and Growth, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University
"The London Consensus offers a timely and vital rethinking of the principles needed to address some of the most urgent questions facing humanity, including climate change, social inequalities, the AI revolution, and increasing threats to liberal democracy. Tim Besley, Irene Bucelli and Andrés Velasco have brought together some of the top minds in academia to chart new paths forward. The book is essential reading for policymakers, scholars, and anyone concerned with building resilient and equitable societies in an era of global challenges."
— Silvana Tenreyro, CBE, FBA. James E. Meade Professor of Economics, London School of Economics
"This is a fabulously important volume, not just as a distillation of current economic thinking to guide research and policy, but also as an antidote to the dangerous notion that economists are unable to reach consensus on the economic principles that should guide our approach to society's most significant challenges."
— Charles J. Wheelan, Tuck School of Business, Dartmouth College
"This ambitious volume presents The London Consensus: a pragmatic supply-side progressivism that emphasizes good jobs, strong competition policy, and resilience in the face of AI, inequality, and populism. Essential reading for students and policymakers alike.”
— Ioana Marinescu, School of Social Policy, University of Pennsylvania. Former Principal Economist, US Department of Justice Antitrust Division
“The editors of The London Consensus have succeeded in assembling a group of the world’s most authoritative experts to address a breath-taking smorgasbord of economic problems, puzzles, and controversies. In addition to its impressive scope and scale, The London Consensus contains a most welcome feature: each chapter is followed by a critique by yet another distinguished expert, with a rejoinder by the chapter’s author. This makes The London Consensus a most lively and edifying read.”
— Steve H. Hanke, Professor of Applied Economics, The Johns Hopkins University